روانپزشکی - مرکز مشاوره اسپادانا

روانپزشکی چیست؟

روانپزشکی شاخه‌ای از علم پزشکی است که هدفش تشخیص، درمان و پیشگیری از اختلالات ذهنی، عاطفی و رفتاری است.

روانپزشک، پزشکی است که تخصصش در زمینه سلامت روان از جمله اختلالات مصرف مواد است. روانپزشک‌ها باید ابعاد و جوانب روانی و فیزیکی مشکلات روانشناختی را ارزیابی کنند.

افراد به دلایل مختلفی خواهان کمک روانپزشکی هستند. این مشکلات ممکن است مثل وحشت‌زدگی، توهم‌های ترسناک، فکر خودکشی یا شنیدن «صداهایی در ذهن» ناگهانی باشند‌ یا ممکن است مشکلاتی بلندمدت باشد، مانند احساس ناراحتی، ناامیدی یا اضطرابی که ظاهراً هرگز برطرف نمی‌شود یا مشکلات کارکردی که زندگی روزمره را مختل ساخته یا از کنترل خارج می‌کند.

تشخیص بیماران

روانپزشکان هم به‌خاطر اینکه پزشک هستند می‌توانند علاوه بر گفت‌وگو و صحبت با بیماران، انواع ازمایش‌های آزمایشگاهی پزشکی و روانشناختی را انجام دهند که تصویری از وضعیت روانی و جسمی بیمار ارائه می‌دهند. روانپزشکان به کمک تحصیلات و آموزش بالینی‌شان به رابطه پیچیده بین بیماری‌های عاطفی و سایر بیماری‌های پزشکی و نیز رابطه‌شان با ژنتیک و سابقه خانوادگی پی می‌برند، داده‌های پزشکی و روانشناختی را ارزیابی می‌کنند، بیماری و اختلال را تشخیص می‌دهند و به بیماران در پیشبرد برنامه‌های درمانی کمک می‌کند.

تشخیص‌های خاص براساس معیارهای راهنمای تشخیصی و آماری اختلال‌های روانی (DSM-5) هستند که در APA ثبت شده و شامل توصیف، علایم و سایر معیارهای تشخیص اختلال‌های روانی می‌شود.

روان‌پزشک‌ها از چه درمان‌هایی استفاده می‌کنند؟

روان‌پزشک‌ها بسته به نیاز هر کدام از بیماران از درمان‌های متنوعی استفاده می‌کنند؛ از جمله شکل‌های مختلف روان‌درمانی، دارودرمانی، مشاوره‌های روانی و انواع دیگر درمان (مانند درمان با ضربهٔ الکتریکی تشنج‌آور یا ETC).

روان‌درمانی، که گاهی اوقات به آن صحبت‌درمانی نیز می‌گویند، درمانی است که در آن بین درمانگر و بیمار، با گفت‌وگو ارتباطی برقرار می‌شود. می‌توان برای درمان انواع مختلفی از اختلال‌های روانی و مشکلات عاطفی از روان‌درمانی استفاده کرد. هدف روان‌درمانی حذف یا کنترل علائم ناتوان‌کننده یا آزاردهنده است، تا بیمار بتواند عملکرد بهتری داشته باشد. بسته به شدت مشکل، روان‌درمانی ممکن است فقط با چند جلسه در عرض یک یا دو هفته صورت بگیرد یا شاید هم چند سال طول بکشد و به جلسه‌های متعددی نیاز باشد. روان‌درمانی می‌تواند به‌صورت انفرادی، دونفره، همراه با خانواده یا به‌صورت گروهی برگزار شود.

روان‌درمانی انواع مختلفی دارد. بعضی از آن‌ها به بیماران کمک می‌کنند تا رفتارها یا شیوه تفکرشان را تغییر دهند، برخی دیگر به بیماران کمک می‌کنند تأثیر روابط و تجربیات گذشته بر رفتارهای کنونی را بررسی کنند و بعضی دیگر طوری طراحی شده‌اند که مشکلاتی دیگر را با روش‌هایی خاص حل‌وفصل می‌کنند. درمان رفتار شناختی، درمانی هدف‌گراست که بر حل مسئله تمرکز می‌کند. روان‌کاوی نوع شدیدتری از روان‌درمانی است که در طول سال‌ها به جلسه‌های متعددی نیاز دارد.

همان‌طور که پزشکان برای درمان فشار خون بالا یا دیابت دارو تجویز می‌کنند، روان‌پزشک‌ها نیز دارو را به همین صورت تجویز می‌کنند. روان‌پزشک‌ها می‌توانند پس‌از کامل کردن ارزیابی‌ها، داروهایی را برای کمک به درمان اختلال‌های روانی تجویز کنند. داروهای روانپزشکی می‌توانند نبود توازن در شیمی مغز (که گمان می‌رود در ایجاد اختلال‌های روانی دخیل باشند) را اصلاح کند. بیمارانی که به‌صورت بلندمدت دارو مصرف می‌کنند باید به‌طور مرتب به روان‌پزشک خود مراجعه کنند تا تأثیر دارو و هرگونه آثار جانبی را تحت نظر داشته باشند.

روانپزشک و روانشناس چه تفاوتی باهم دارند؟

روانپزشک، پزشکی است که دانشکده پزشکی و دوره رزیدنتی را به‌پایان رسانده و آموزش تخصصی روانپزشکی را گذرانده‌است. روانپزشک می‌تواند روان‌درمانی انجام دهد و دارو و درمان پزشکی تجویز کند.

از طرفی روانشناس معمولاً مدرک پیشرفته‌ای در روانشناسی بالینی دارد و بیشتر در زمینه پژوهش یا روش‌های بالینی آموزش دیده‌است. روانشناسان اختلال‌های روانی را با روان‌درمانی درمان می‌کنند و عده‌ای از آن‌ها در زمینه ارزیابی و آزمایش‌های روانشناختی تخصص دارند.

درباره نویسنده
مرکز مشاوره اسپادانا

مرکز مشاوره اسپادانا در شهر اصفهان فعالیت دارد. این مرکز مشاوره، افتخار دارد که کادری مجهز و زبده از روانشناس ها و روانپزشکان را در کنار خود داشته باشد. 

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230 نظرها
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    As A End Result Of prednisone is structurally just like
    testosterone, these next side effects are associated to the extent of the male hormone, testosterone, changing while on prednisone.
    I searched many articles, prescription drug databases, and
    affected person help groups to compile this list of prednisone
    unwanted effects in males. A cortisone shot would possibly sting when your supplier places the
    needle into your skin, nevertheless it shouldn’t cause intense pain.
    Your supplier may provide you with an area anesthetic to numb the world around the injection web site.
    A healthcare supplier might give you a cortisone shot during a normal workplace visit.

    Your supplier may additionally use cortisone pictures to deal
    with inflammation in your tendons or bursae — the fluid-filled sacs that cushion spaces round and between your joints,
    tendons and bones.
    For extra important anabolic effects, testosterone at performance doses is
    probably certainly one of the finest stacks we will do.
    I assume novices ought to undoubtedly run a test-only
    cycle as their first. One Other choice for beginners is
    to pair Deca with testosterone in a basic stack to make sure your take a look at levels usually are not shut down. Testosterone Enanthate and Deca
    are common mixtures with a cycle length of 12 to 14 weeks.

    The most typical use of Nandrolone is in bulking cycles
    the place it’s stacked with testosterone and different steroids;
    Dianabol is one other very commonly used AAS with Deca or NPP.
    Females can use NPP but must be conscious of the dangers of virilization, and for
    that cause, the feminine dosage should not exceed 50mg weekly for any longer than a 6-week cycle.
    With the two major Nandrolone esters having very completely
    different half-lives, the one you’re using will decide your dosing schedule and how often you inject.

    Avascular necrosis, a horrible prednisone side impact causing bone death
    within the hip, can happen to anybody, young or old, male or
    feminine. So if you’re ever having hip pain that wasn’t there
    before, make sure you speak to your physician about it.

    Mood adjustments and psychiatric unwanted aspect effects of prednisone
    are completely different in men and women. Males typically have much
    less overall psychiatric unwanted effects than girls.
    However when males do get psychiatric unwanted facet effects, they are often more
    excessive. Men in help teams have shared that they have much less sex drive
    at excessive doses of prednisone. They report that as the dose
    of prednisone gets decrease, their drive tends to recover as nicely.


    Let’s explore these results to help patients and caregivers
    guarantee safe and effective steroid use. By taking these steps,
    doctors can discover the right balance between the
    medication’s results and potential dangers, guaranteeing the greatest
    possible outcomes for elderly patients using steroids.
    Aged sufferers could also be extra delicate to the results of steroids, both useful and antagonistic.

    Anavar is a C17-alpha-alkylated oral steroid, which means the compound shall be absolutely energetic
    after bypassing the liver. Nevertheless, unlike other oral steroids,
    Anavar is not considerably hepatotoxic. This is because the kidneys,
    and not the liver, are primarily answerable for metabolizing Anavar.

    This is a middle-of-the-road Deca dose, however many guys will never see the want to exceed.
    Most guys will find they can get every little thing out of Nandrolone at moderate doses,
    and the old-school guys back in the day weren’t known to be
    taking excessive doses of something. Nandrolone has been round because
    the Nineteen Fifties, with Nandrolone decanoate seeing its first medical makes use of in 1962.
    Still, with its shorter half-life, scientists wanted a longer-lasting type of Nandrolone for more handy patient administration,
    so Nandrolone Decanoate (Deca-Durabolin) was born. Allergic Reactions happen when your immune system acknowledges a
    international substance as a risk. These overseas substances are
    called allergens, they usually don’t trigger a response in another people.
    Due To This Fact, oral Winstrol is superior for faster outcomes, which can be experienced
    within the first week of a cycle.
    I would use 0.5mg/day of Arimidex day by day while working Deca or 10mg/day of Aromasin. After
    your last deca shot, wait two full weeks earlier than utilizing Clomid.
    For restoration (PCT), use 0.5mg/day Arimidex for 4 weeks post-last injection. Begin Clomid 2 weeks after your last injection at 100mg/day for days 1-10,
    then 50mg/day for days 11-20. All steroids are
    going to have users complaining about some unwanted facet effects.

    On the severity scale, Deca is definitely not up there with steroids like
    Trenbolone.
    This would possibly embrace specific thresholds for weight gain, blood pressure readings,
    or blood sugar levels that warrant instant consideration. Implementing a structured monitoring protocol helps healthcare providers establish adverse results early
    and adjust treatment plans accordingly. Sufferers must be educated about potential unwanted aspect effects
    and inspired to report any new symptoms promptly.
    We know that when utilized in a medical setting with
    low to moderate doses, Anavar doesn't typically produce dangerous unwanted effects.
    Some Anavar users report giant pumps, usually within the decrease
    again, which can be uncomfortable or painful.
    This can typically really feel like a locking, cramping sensation contained in the muscle that may final for
    several minutes or hours. Consequently, the person might not have the flexibility to end their exercise because of severe
    discomfort. Therefore, this profit could become a side
    effect for certain users.
    Changing your dose on your own or stopping taking prednisone with no healthcare provider’s recommendation may be problematic.
    Talk together with your healthcare supplier about how you’re feeling
    emotionally. They may be able to change your dose or add another
    medication to counteract the effects.

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    Promotes muscle progress and fats loss, though it requires cautious monitoring due to potential unwanted facet effects.
    Boosts lean muscle mass and power with out the risk of respiratory irritation. Bodybuilding has lengthy been a well-liked
    means to work out, enhance power and acquire a gym-honed physique straight out of an action film.
    As explained by a 2021 study into the effects of bodybuilding on younger athletes, the aim of
    this sport is to create enlarged muscles and a low body-fat proportion. Nevertheless, we frequently discover oral anabolic steroids causing stress to the liver (due to C-17 alpha alkylation).


    The users noticed a substantial reduction in physique fat and appreciated the preservation and even enhancement of muscle mass, attributing this
    constructive change to the potent duo. Nonetheless,
    they also caution that the efficiency of those substances didn’t give them a move to slack off on their diet
    or training. Concerning effectiveness, it’s important to know that Winstrol can change one’s bodily kind more
    dramatically—reducing fats and defining muscular tissues with finesse.
    On the contrary, Anavar, though not resulting in substantial physical alterations, proves its effectiveness
    in the way it augments power and prolongs endurance.
    Therefore, the choice between the two often is determined by individual health goals.

    Anavar, or Oxandrolone, is a powerful anabolic steroid commonly utilized by girls bodybuilders and athletes to
    reinforce efficiency, energy, and physical look.
    It’s recognized for its delicate nature, lower danger of side effects compared to other steroids,
    making it highly favored in the female fitness group. Whereas its advantages can be paramount, understanding the right
    doses, cycles, and potential results is crucial for attaining optimal results and minimizing any potential health dangers.


    It displays a high anabolic ranking, that means it has
    a tremendous potential to stimulate muscle protein synthesis and promote muscle hypertrophy.
    Additionally, Trenbolone additionally has a
    robust affinity for the androgen receptors,
    enhancing its ability to increase muscle power and energy.
    These attributes make Trenbolone a most well-liked choice
    for individuals aiming to take their physique to the next level, surpassing the
    limitations of natural muscle development. However, it’s important to note that Trenbolone
    is a potent steroid and should be used with caution, adhering
    to correct dosage and biking protocols to minimize potential unwanted side effects.
    This is as a outcome of of Anavar being 5α-reduced; thus, it doesn't aromatize,
    that means estrogen levels stay steady.
    If customers fail to implement an efficacious post-cycle therapy promptly after cycle cessation, they
    could experience long-term damage to the HPTA.
    If you would possibly be seeking the outcomes of Anavar however don’t wish to experience the identical stage
    of side effects, we advocate buying authorized Anavar (known as Anvarol).
    Anvarol may not replicate the identical stage of anabolism or
    fats burning as Anavar; nonetheless, it is most popular by some bodybuilders as a end result of
    a scarcity of unwanted effects and its FDA-approved nature.
    We find this to be attributed to its distribution of fluid and elevated uptake of ATP in the muscle cells.
    ATP is an power molecule that’s been shown to increase muscular energy and endurance.

    Nevertheless, it is crucial to method Oxandrolone responsibly, and understanding the potential dangers.
    Bear In Mind, it is at all times recommended to consult with a
    healthcare skilled or experienced fitness expert before initiating an Oxandrolone cycle.

    They can provide customized steering, monitor your progress,
    and make certain that the dosage and cycle size aligns together with your particular needs and objectives.

    Moreover, observe how dry Zac’s physique is due
    to Winstrol flushing out extracellular water retention.
    The potent nature of Winstrol means that even in small doses, women can expertise important physique improvements, gaining lean muscle mass whereas reducing
    body fats. Whereas each women and men naturally produce testosterone, women's levels of
    this hormone are significantly lower than men's. As a result, ladies can experience spectacular muscle gains with a lot decrease doses of anabolic steroids.
    Let's discover how anabolic steroid use works for ladies, using a basic oral steroid cycle
    for instance. Girls looking for to complement their
    health regime with anabolic steroids usually favor Primobolan, primarily
    because of its delicate nature.
    In addition to foodplanning and several other workouts per day, most
    are employed and should work. It is necessary to get sufficient sleep, and time
    for the household's actions as well as socializing is
    thus restricted. One driving drive is being in a position to show themselves
    and their families that they can succeed and that sacrifices haven't been in vain.
    Moreover, his abdominals and deltoids are extra outlined because of appreciable fat loss.
    To assist decrease the risk of an infection whereas taking steroids, it is essential to apply
    good hygiene by washing your palms incessantly and avoiding close
    contact with people who are sick. It can be finest to avoid unnecessary publicity
    to infections, similar to by avoiding crowded places or people who
    are sick. Earlier Than contemplating steroid use, it's
    important to grasp the impression they might
    have in your physique. Using dietary supplements like elete Electrolyte
    120ml Bottle may help maintain hydration throughout intense workouts, which is essential when using steroids.


    Keep a report of your coaching classes, noting the weights lifted, repetitions carried out, and any
    enhancements in endurance. Analyze your progress information and assess
    whether or not modifications to your training or vitamin plan are warranted.
    Based Mostly on your targets and particular person response, you'll have the ability
    to consider increasing the depth of your exercises, adjusting caloric consumption, or
    fine-tuning macronutrient ratios. Steroid use
    can drastically change a bodybuilder’s physique and performance, as
    seen within the tales of Mike, Sarah, John, Kate,
    and James. For some, steroids supply sooner results
    and muscle progress that they couldn’t achieve otherwise.
    However, the risks—both bodily and psychological—are real and
    shouldn't be underestimated.

  6. 1
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    This is more of a bonus result with Dianabol as it's not a real fat-burning steroid.
    Dianabol can burn fats and construct muscle if solely maintenance-level energy are consumed.

    If you're eating in a calorie surplus for bulking,
    you doubtless won’t discover a lot or any fat loss with this steroid.
    This is a steroid that has been used for decades, so hundreds of
    thousands of users have shared their results and experiences one way or another.
    Increased strength will energy your muscle features,
    and users will rarely complain in regards to the power enhancement that Dianabol produces.
    If you have current ldl cholesterol issues, you should avoid utilizing Dianabol utterly.

    Steroid injections also have unwanted facet effects, however you're secure from hepatotoxicity, because the
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    Many sports are unimaginable to compete in without the usage
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    Roids USA purchasers, who are largely athletes of all ranges and kinds, have
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