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روان­شناسی اعتیاد

اگر مادر یا پدری فرزند نوجوان یا جوانش را در حال مصرف سیگار ببیند چه احساسی پیدا می‌کند؟ اگر پدر یا مادری بشنود که پسر (یا دخترش) حشیش را تجربه کرده یا به دنبال مصرف آن است چه خواهد کرد؟ اگر پدر و مادری بشنوند یا ببینند که فرزندشان با دوستانی که تریاک مصرف می‌کنند نشست و برخاست دارد چه می‌اندیشند؟ اگر پدر یا مادری بشنوند که فرزندشان موادی مثل شیشه یا کراک را تجربه کرده یا به دنبال مصرف آنهاست چه باید بکنند؟ اگر پدر و مادری بخواهند پیشاپیش از بروز هر کدام از اتفاقات بالا جلوگیری شود چه باید بکنند؟ اگر زنی بخواهد همسرش به دام اعتیاد نیفتد چه کاری از او ساخته است؟ اگر در روزنامه یا مجله‌ای یا در اخباری از رادیو و تلویزیون و ماهواره سرگذشت فرد معتادی را بخوانید یا ببینید یا بشنوید در مورد خود و فرزندتان چه فکر و احساسی پیدا می‌کنید؟ چقدر به دنبال آن هستید که رفتارها یا محیط‌ و یا شرایطی را که موجب اعتیاد افراد می‌شود بشناسید و خود یا فرزندتان را از این دام بلا رهایی بخشید؟ اگر خدای ناکرده خود یا یکی از فرزندان یا عزیزان شما گرفتار این مصیبت هستند چه فکر می‌کنید و تا بحال چه کرده‌اید؟ اگر چه معمولاً پدر و مادرها نگران اعتیاد فرزندان خود می‌باشند، ولی فرزندان بسیار و مادران گرفتاری نیز وجود دارند که نگران اعتیاد پدر یا همسر خود بوده و آثار همه جانبه‌ی زیان بار آنرا در زندگی خود تجربه می‌کنند. در این کتاب، نگارنده کوشیده است تا در بیانی عاطفی، شناختی نگرانی‌ها و درخواست‌های یک جوان را از پدر معتاد خویش نشان دهد.

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    Under the Controlled Substance Act, unlawful possession and distribution are subject to federal and state
    legal guidelines. In the us, an AAS is a schedule III managed substance
    available solely by prescription. The use of these medication is just legal when prescribed by a medical skilled.
    Medical Doctors also prescribe testosterone for numerous hormone-related
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    The unwanted effects can look completely different from consumer
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    Doctors prescribe anabolic steroids to advertise the expansion of skeletal muscle and the
    event of male sexual traits for circumstances such as low testosterone
    (male hypogonadism), certain cancers, or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
    Another examine showed that 35% of the users examined have been found to be optimistic for two or extra AASs in connection with post-mortem.
    Furthermore, an affiliation between the usage of AASs
    and different illicit medication, corresponding to hashish,
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    Many of the kinds have been banned in a lot of the leading sports activities
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    Though the variety of female AAS users is
    significantly smaller than that of their male counterparts (estimated global lifetime prevalence fee of 1.6% compared with 6.4% for
    males (2)), feminine strength athletes use AAS as nicely.

    Intratesticular testosterone (ITT) ranges are about 50 to 100 instances larger than in circulation (180) and exogenous administration severely suppresses this to ranges that are unable
    to assist spermatogenesis (181). Some initial data relating to the time course of HPGA restoration after AAS use
    have recently been printed (176). When gonadal perform
    was regular earlier than an AAS cycle, there was a 90% likelihood of having regular
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    Lower dosages up to 6.25 mg weekly didn't, suggesting
    a threshold for creating hirsutism in response to testosterone
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    A Swedish nationwide population-based cohort examine
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    Just like testicular testosterone production, spermatogenesis is governed by
    the HPGA. The concerted motion of LH and FSH on the
    testes stimulates spermatogenesis, and suppression of these hormones
    inhibits it. FSH acts instantly on spermatogenesis by activating FSH receptors on Sertoli cells, whereas LH
    works indirectly by way of stimulating testosterone manufacturing by activating LHCGRs
    on Leydig cells, which in turn prompts ARs on Sertoli cells (179).

    Regardless Of testosterone being the primary mediator of LH’s
    effect on spermatogenesis, exogenous administration of
    testosterone cannot help spermatogenesis.
    In the AR systems (Figs 10A-10B), each complexes exhibit conformational stability, evidenced by
    a single giant power basin near the minimal variability
    areas of PC1 and PC2. In distinction, the ERα system complexed with
    ecdysterone (Fig 10C) exhibits a loss of stability, as indicated by
    the formation of a number of stable energy states, in distinction to its complicated
    with the native ligand (Fig 10D), which stays steady. The
    ERβ-Ecdysterone complex (Fig 10E) displayed increased stability, as proven by a smaller
    power basin centered round zero (PC1) and -5 (PC2).
    In distinction, the native ligand advanced (Fig 10F) reveals a broader range of conformations, suggesting the presence of a quantity of metastable states.
    These findings counsel that Ecdysterone stabilizes both AR and ERβ techniques, while it decreases the steadiness of
    ERα. The outcomes are consistent with the conclusion that Ecdysterone acts
    as a powerful binder to AR and ERβ receptors. Further examine was carried out on the time-dependent convergence of the radius of gyration (Rg), which describes the structural traits of simulated ensembles.

    Though most steroid use is in opposition to the law and unhealthy, there are uncommon conditions the place doctors may prescribe anabolic steroids to treat anemia and help males produce extra testosterone.
    Corticosteroids are a unique chemical altogether, and reduce irritation in sure components of the body.
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    He was the fellowship director at the Heart for East-West Medication and led programs for physician fellows, residents, and medical students.

    These steroids could influence adult peak in the occasion that they're taken in adolescence, according to
    the DEA. This occurs because the bones find yourself maturing
    too quickly and then cease growing, according to Nemours KidsHealth.

    They may additionally be prescribed to help folks
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    according to the Mayo Clinic. Of those in remedy, 86% said they initiated opioid use to counteract insomnia and irritability brought on by their steroid use.
    They are alleged to be obtainable by prescription just for specific medical purposes.
    When docs prescribe steroid treatment, they always advise coming off
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    Insomnia is a regular facet influence of testosteroneinjections, however not everybody experiences it.
    In general, the long-term effects of performance-enhancing medicine have not been studied enough.

    They also might increase their risk of well being problems later in life.
    How long it takes for a cortisone shot to work varies from individual to individual.

    He has documented his struggles and successes
    on his YouTube channel, sharing his exercise routines, dietary modifications,
    and way of life adjustments with his followers. Fouseytube’s dedication to his fitness targets is a testomony to his commitment and discipline,
    and his story serves as a reminder that anyone can achieve their targets with onerous work and perseverance.
    Fouseytube, also identified as Yousef Erakat, is
    a popular YouTube personality who has gained a large
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    The risk of sudden death from cardiovascular issues within the athlete
    consuming anabolic steroids can happen in the absence of atherosclerosis.
    Thrombus formation has been reported in a quantity of case studies
    of bodybuilders self-administering anabolic steroids (Ferenchick, 1991;
    Fineschi et al., 2001; McCarthy et al., 2000; Sahraian et al., 2004).
    Melchert and Welder, 1995 have instructed that using 17α-alkylated steroids (primarily from oral ingestion) likely current
    the very best risk for thrombus formation. They
    hypothesized that anabolic steroid consumption can elevate
    platelet aggregation, possibly through an increase in platelet manufacturing of thromboxane A 2 and/or reducing platelet manufacturing
    of prostaglandin PgI 2, resulting in a hypercoagulable state.
    These doses are a lot higher than those that health care suppliers use for medical reasons.
    Authorized steroids refer to exercise supplements which
    will improve muscle mass and athletic efficiency.

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    Despite the ups and downs of his career, Fouseytube stays
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    dedication to health. Throughout his career, Fouseytube has
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    a dedication to staying fit and healthy. I’ve looked for some background data
    on that man, and according to folks on Reddit.com who have been following him, he has a history of hard training.
    Due To This Fact, what we've here's a form of dirty bulk followed by a
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    Thus, steroid use for adults with mild to average pharyngitis is not supported by proof.
    Implementing post-cycle remedy (PCT) is helpful, as Anavarwill
    decrease endogenous testosterone manufacturing.Nandrolone Decanoate (Deca) is most likely going some of the
    extensively usedandrogenic-anabolic steroids. Research
    have confirmed that Nandrolone increases muscle mass
    in male bodybuilders21. Contact sensitization to topical
    corticosteroids can also happen however is uncommon. Differentiation from hypersensitivity to different elements of the topical therapy is important if contact sensitization is
    suspected.
    This is a well-liked dieting technique that entails restricting
    food consumption for sure periods. Fouseytube usually fasts for sixteen hours a day and eats throughout an 8-hour window.
    In addition to consuming more fruits and vegetables, Fouseytube additionally increased his intake of lean proteins.

    He recommends finding a type of train that they enjoy and setting achievable objectives.
    He also encourages novices to focus on overall health and wellness, rather
    than just look. Total, having a support system and prioritizing self-care can help make the journey in direction of a more healthy
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